ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia after reduction of salt iodine content, and to provide theoretical bases for scientific iodine supplementation.@*Methods@#In May to October 2018, according to "Inner Mongolia Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Project (2016)", in 14 banners (cities, districts) of Hulunbuir, each banner (city, district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the location of east, west, south, north and middle, and 40 non-boarding children aged 8-10 years old (age matched, half male and half female) and 20 pregnant women were selected. Salt samples and urine samples were collected to detect salt and urinary iodine levels. Salt iodine was detected based on the "General Test Method in Salt Industry-Determination of Iodine" (GB/T 13025.7-2012), and urinary iodine was detected based on the "Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry" (WS/T 107-2009), the iodine nutritional status was determined according to the standards of urinary iodine recommended by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. At the same time, the goiter condition of children was examined by B-ultrasound.@*Results@#A total of 4 018 salt samples from homes of children and pregnant women were collected, the median of salt iodine was 22.61 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 94.50% (3 797/4 018), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.92% (3 680/3 797), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 91.59% (3 680/4 018). A total of 2 790 urine samples from children were collected, the median of urinary iodine was 179.15 μg/L; and 1 228 urine samples from pregnant women were collected, the median of urinary iodine was 156.88 μg/L. There were 9 banners (cities, districts) where children were at the iodine appropriate level, 4 banners (cities, districts) were higher than the iodine appropriate level and 1 banner was at iodine excessive level. There were 4 banners (cities, districts) where pregnant women were at the iodine deficiency level, 8 banners (cities, districts) were at the iodine appropriate level and 2 banners (cities) were higher than the iodine appropriate level. A total of 2 629 children were examined thyroid gland, and the goiter rate was 0.99% (26/2 629).@*Conclusions@#After reduction of salt iodine content, the iodine nutrition of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir is generally at an appropriate level. In some banners (cities, districts), children and pregnant women are at iodine deficiency level, iodine over appropriate level or iodine excessive level. Iodine nutrition monitoring measures of children and pregnant women should be strengthened.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia after reduction of salt iodine content,and to provide theoretical bases for scientific iodine supplementation.Methods In May to October 2018,according to "Inner Mongolia Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Project (2016)",in 14 banners (cities,districts) of Hulunbuir,each banner (city,district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the location of east,west,south,north and middle,and 40 non-boarding children aged 8-10 years old (age matched,half male and half female) and 20 pregnant women were selected.Salt samples and urine samples were collected to detect salt and urinary iodine levels.Salt iodine was detected based on the "General Test Method in Salt Industry-Determination of Iodine" (GB/T 13025.7-2012),and urinary iodine was detected based on the "Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry" (WS/T 107-2009),the iodine nutritional status was determined according to the standards of urinary iodine recommended by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD.At the same time,the goiter condition of children was examined by B-ultrasound.Results A total of 4 018 salt samples from homes of children and pregnant women were collected,the median of salt iodine was 22.61 mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 94.50％ (3 797/4 018),the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.92％ (3 680/3 797),and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 91.59％ (3 680/4 018).A total of 2 790 urine samples from children were collected,the median of urinary iodine was 179.15 μg/L;and 1 228 urine samples from pregnant women were collected,the median of urinary iodine was 156.88 μg/L.There were 9 banners (cities,districts) where children were at the iodine appropriate level,4 banners (cities,districts) were higher than the iodine appropriate level and 1 banner was at iodine excessive level.There were 4 banners (cities,districts) where pregnant women were at the iodine deficiency level,8 banners (cities,districts) were at the iodine appropriate level and 2 banners (cities) were higher than the iodine appropriate level.A total of 2 629 children were examined thyroid gland,and the goiter rate was 0.99％ (26/2 629).Conclusions After reduction of salt iodine content,the iodine nutrition of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir is generally at an appropriate level.In some banners (cities,districts),children and pregnant women are at iodine deficiency level,iodine over appropriate level or iodine excessive level.Iodine nutrition monitoring measures of children and pregnant women should be strengthened.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) replacement combined with intrathecal injection on tuberculous meningitis. Methods Fifty-five patients with tuberculous meningitis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The patients in the treatment group were treated with CSF replacement combined with intrathecal injection on the basis of routine anti-tuberculosis therapy. The curative effects between these two groups were analyzed after 8 weeks. Results The total effective rate was 95.7% in the treatment group,compared with that 61.9% in the control group (P < 0.01); the healing rate in the treatment group was 56.2% vs 28.6% in the control group. In addition,the decay rate for WBC and CSF pressure in the treatment group are more rapid than those in the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion CSF replacement combined with intrathecal injection has better curative effect in patients with tuberculous meningitis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the diversify and clinical significance of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), immune globulin (Ig), adenosine deaminase (ADA) in cercbrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with intracranial infection. Method The levels of TNF-α,Ig and ADA in CSF of 25 cases of purulent meningitis ,30 eases of cerebral tuberculosis ,28 cases of virus meningitis and 24 cases of controls were detected by ELISA, immunity velocity scattering nepbelometry and enzyme coupling method respectively. Results The levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, ADA, TNF-α were (41.72±11.31) mg/L(18.11± 2.62)mg/L, (181.60±41.19)mg/L, (13.41±3.42)U/L, (418.62±43.16)ng/L in cerebral tuberculosis patients. The levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, ADA and TNF-αwere (20.65±8.85)mg/L, (93.20±4.30)mg/L, (92.77±35.09)mg/L, (3.32±2.41) U/L, (476.93±45.16) ng/L in purulent meningitis patients, and those were (7.11±2.23)rag/L,(5.81±1.19)mg/L,(20.71±10. 54)mg/L,(2. 36±0. 44)U/L,(375.06±45.21) ng/L in virus meningitis patients. The levels of IgM,IgG and IgA in cerebral tuberculosis patients and purulent meningitis patients were significantly higher than those in virus meningitis patients and controls (P< 0.01). The levels of IgG,IgA heightened most markedly in cerebral tuberculosis patients. The activity of ADA in cerebra] tuberculosis patients was higher markedly than that in controls and the other patients(P< 0.01). The levels of TNF-α in purulent meningitis patients were higher than those in controls and virus meningitis patients(P< 0.05). The levels of TNF-α in purulent meningitis patients were the highest, and the next was in cerebral tuberculosis patients. But there was no significant difference of each index between viral meningitis patients and controls. Conclusions Detecting the activity of ADA in CSF is the most valuable in diagnosing cerebral tuberculosis. Synchronized detection of TNF-α,Ig, ADA may be have better clinical application in diagnosing intracranial infection.